J is for Jurassic

Jurassic Park OG Velociraptor, photo from Filmexperience.net.

Scientists are actually preoccupied with accomplishment… focused on whether they can do something. They never stop to ask if they should do something.

Ian Malcolm, Jurassic Park

Chances are that you have seen Jurassic Park or one of its sequels. Chances are that you found some part of it exciting. Perhaps you found other parts to strain credulity. That’s ok. The Jurassic Park franchise is not entirely accurate. At first, I thought it was too pandering, too dumbed-down to create realistic dinosaurs. But I was wrong. At least about the relative realism of the dinosaurs.

No, they weren’t exactly Jurassic. The dinosaurs named and depicted did not completely act like their namesakes should have acted. The velociraptor and the dilophosaurus in the first movie were particularly off. But Spielberg got a lot of other things right. And he made dinosaurs really popular, which probably led to more people studying dinosaurs and more funding for dinosaur studies. Well played, Mr. Spielberg, well played.

Not Especially Jurassic

So what exactly is Jurassic? It’s a geological time period. Geologic time is divided up into eras and periods, chiefly to provide names for future geologists and paleontologists to memorize. Also, it’s shorter to write Jurassic than it is to write 200 to 145 million years ago. The entire era of the dinosaurs is called the Mesozoic, which means the middle (meso) era that had animal fossils (zoic), as opposed to the Paleozoic, which means older time of fossils, and the Cenozoic, which is the recent era, i.e. now.

The Mesozoic also had three divisions: Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous. Triassic was called that because the Germans wanted that time period to have another three categories that they called the Trias. Kind of like the basic rule of magic; if you say a thing three times, then it becomes real.

Continue reading “J is for Jurassic”

I is for Iguanodon

Author’s Note: I just realized that I have an excellent book that covers the story of Gideon Mantell and the iguanodons. This book, Terrible Lizard by Deborah Cadbury, contains all sorts of juicy details about the scientific rivalries, the tooth, and the horn. Unfortunately, I haven’t read it entirely yet, so this post will be based on bits and pieces of what I have cobbled. They’re still tasty bits. Dinosaur Cobbler.

Model of the originally envisioned Iguanodon, in a Dinosaur Museum in Colorado. Photo by kajmeister.

Gideon Mantell was thrilled to find the palm-sized rock that seemed unnaturally pointed and curved. He knew it came from an animal–probably an ancient animal. It seemed logical that it might be similar to a horn, like the one on a rhinoceros.

Oh, what a howling error! Mantell would be known forevermore for his mistake. Was it his fault, given that the foremost naturalist of his day insisted the animal was a rhinoceros? He also was pooh-poohed by the other scientists, only to have them become famous for his initial ideas. Maybe history should be kinder to Gideon. Still, he also dissed his wife. It was Mary who found the fossils, let him fill their dining room with samples, organized his papers, drew illustrations for his book, raised his children … and then was forced to move out when the house was turned into a museum. On second thought, let’s not cut him any slack.

Who Found the Tooth?

Iguanodon was only the second dinosaur to be discovered and named formally by the scientific community that runs such things, which in the early 19th century was in England. The idea of dinosaurs, the extent of dinosaurs rule over the planet, and their huge variation in function and design was all yet to be discovered in 1820. When the quarry near Gideon’s medical practice started revealing unusual fossil bones, there was some ambiguity about what animal it might have come from.

Continue reading “I is for Iguanodon”

H is for Hip

Trex takes a step to the ri-i-i-ight. Photo from Youtube.

We’ve got to get into the hips. Hips are what the dinos are all about, which is why I’ve spent the last half hour trying to create a picture of a dinosaur doing the Time Warp. You know, put your hands on your hips? Apparently, pelvic thrust is considered NSFW. And, when I asked several AI picture generators, they took forever, asked for a lot of info I didn’t want to give them, and then gave me a very lame picture of a dinosaur dancing, which I could have just got off Clip Art anyway. Which I did — so there’s our buddy dino doing the Time Warp.

Did you know there’s a whole wiki showing you how to do the Time Warp? Because you can learn anything on the Internet!

Along with the extra hole in the head–remember letter “A”?–dinosaurs are dinosaurs because of the way their hips were designed. It’s what helps distinguish dinosaurs from the crocodiles and other non-bipedal lizards. And it separates the two dinosaur divisions from each other. Although that’s becoming a controversy, as we shall see.

Continue reading “H is for Hip”