2024 A to Z Challenge: Dinosaurs

Every April, bloggers can try the A to Z challenge. Twenty-six posts about any subject. For 2024, I covered the alphabet on dinosaur characteristics, history of their identification, and famous people who dug for their bones. Links to all the individual posts by letter are in this “master” post below.

Da king! The Rex man! From the Dinosaur Journey museum, Fruita, CO. Photo by kajmeister.

I had been threatening. Pleading. Hinting for the last few years that I might just write about dinosaurs because I love ’em, and I hope you will, too. I have trekked across half a dozen dinosaur museums, as many fossil beds, gift shops, exhibits and so on. Often dragged my wife, sometimes my kids. (Does Big Foot count? Of course not! What about Godzilla? Well, let’s wait till the letter G and find out!)

Why do it? I wrote about the Olympics during the pandemic, it led to a book. Wrote about accounting–guess what the topic of my thesis is? Wrote about the Renaissance–worked it into my thesis. Wrote a published essay on the Mongols and the Silk Road… when you produce writing, it’s the gift that keeps on giving.

I do this because creativity is like a positive kind of algae. It breeds on itself. When you don’t produce, it gets harder to start every time you try.

From the Royal Tyrell Museum, Alberta, CA. Photo by kajmeister.

This is not just a list of dinosaurs, A-Z. While I could have talked about Apatosaurus, Albertosaurus, or Ankylosaurs, you can see that my first “A” post is something about the way dinosaurs are designed. Many of these posts covered the science and facts concerning dinosaurs, not just 26 posts about individual dinosaurs. There are a lot of A-Z lists and books already out there, if you just want know all the dinosaurs that start with “K,” for example.

These posts will be about what dinosaurs are and are not. There were even a few posts about non-dinosaurs, like the swimmers and fliers who were related but not technically on the dinosaur family tree. Family trees–they’re now called clades–figure heavily into all this discussion. See letter C.

Don’t despair! You can see with posts like “D is for Diplodocus” that I did cover a few famous dinosaurs. But let’s start with one of the key features that defines dinosaurs, then talk about what they were like. Next to each post link I also include the key question that the post tries to answer.

A is for Antorbital Fenestra (What makes a dinosaur a dinosaur?)

B is for Big (What were they like?)

C is for Clade (How were the dinosaurs organized on the family tree?)

D is for Diplodocus (What’s the story of one of the oldest and most famous dinosaurs?)

E is for Extinction (How does dying off play into the history of dinosaurs?)

F is for Fossil (What exactly are those paleontologists digging up?)

G is for Godzilla (Is the G-Man a dinosaur, and, if so, what kind?)

H is for Hip (What’s the key way to distinguish different dinosaurs?)

I is for Iguanodon (How did this early discovery change dinosaur history?)

J is for Jurassic (Are the movies exploitative twaddle, or did they help dinosaur history?)

K is for the K-Pg Boundary (Why aren’t the dinosaurs around any more?)

L is for Living Relatives (How can we infer what a dinosaur was like inside their bones?)

M is for Mary Anning (Who originally gathered and organized dinosaur fossils?)

N is for North Pole (Wait…there were dinosaurs in the Arctic?)

O is for Origin (How does Darwin’s work fit into the dinosaurs emergence?)

P is for Parasaurolophus (What is my favorite dinosaur like?)

Q is for Quetzalcoatlus (What was the biggest flying reptile, not a dinosaur, but who cares?)

R is for Renaissance (What was the Dinosaur Renaissance all about?)

S is for Skin (What do we know about dinosaur skin, since they’re only fossils now?)

T is for T. rex (How much do we know about the king of the tyrants?)

U is for Utah (Why is Utah such a ground zero place for fossils?)

V is for Variety (Who were the biggest? smallest? longest names? earlier discovered?)

W is for Wings (Dinosaurs didn’t fly, but for their giant reptilian cousins who did, how did that work?)

X is for X-ray (What can X-rays tell us about dinosaurs?)

Y is Yucatan (What did happen to the dinosaurs? And how do they know?)

Z is for Zuul (How are dinosaur names chosen?)

Summer Road Trip: Puzzlin’ Evidence

I have been thinking about the intersection of history, storytelling, and science, ever since my visit to the Sasquatch Outpost in Bailey, Colorado, a small but enthusiastically curated museum dedicated to information about Colorado sightings of Bigfoot. I could not help but compare it to two other recent visits here, one to the Dinosaur Journey Museum in Fruita, Colorado and the US Olympic & Paralympic Archives in Colorado Springs.

What I grasped is that history, science, and storytelling all use parts that are native to each other. Scientists start with evidence, but must construct a narrative that uses deductive reasoning to explain results. This happens whether they are aiming particle beams at cuprite samples or reconstructing fossil skeletons from a riverbed. They need to tell a clear story. Historians also need to fill in the details on the timeline, starting with whatever sources (evidence) exist from the time period. Deductive reasoning and inferences play a part.

Storytelling, however, is an entirely different kettle of fish. If it has a little deductive reasoning–a little science behind it–the story might might have more power. Think about the explanation of constellations, for example. Humans are also naturally adept at “What If…? Tales don’t need evidence, although it helps if the story resembles the familiar. Imagination, however, should not let us replace evidence with anecdote. There are different kinds of evidence. Brief examples from my visits should help clarify the roles played. I can’t quite figure out the Venn diagram, but perhaps the following might help:

Continue reading “Summer Road Trip: Puzzlin’ Evidence”

Bones from Dinoland U.S.A.

Bones sinking like stones
All that we fought for
Homes, places we’ve grown
All of us are done for
And we live in a beautiful world
Yeah, we do, yeah, we do

“Don’t Panic” by Coldplay (1999)
King of the Terrible Lizards, New Mexico Museum of Natural History. Kajmeister photo.

Do we know everything about dinosaurs? What if they built cities out of rock that turned to the dust in which their bones lay? What if they wrote stories on parchment which disintegrated and scattered to the winds? We don’t know whether they spoke languages; their brains were too small–we assume–to do so. We know that some dinosaurs ate other dinosaurs based on the bones. That they walked upright, lived near rivers, protected their young, and covered all the continents, including Antarctica. Two hundred million years was a long time to flourish. Some of it is still a mystery.

Humans have only been discovering things about dinosaurs for about 200 hundred years (happy bicentennial Mary Ann Mantell!) There may be a lot more dino-history buried in those formations. We already know quite a lot from a relatively little, a lot to imagine from just a few bones. If a vertebrae is six feet tall, how big must the creature who carried it have been? (A: 75 ft long)

Apatosaurus vertebrae, Dinosaur Ridge, CO. Kajmeister photo
Continue reading “Bones from Dinoland U.S.A.”